The other day, when I was reading io9, I came across an article about One of the World’s First Statements About the Scientific Method. The article is about a quote by Alhazen—Ḥasan Ibn al-Haytham, an Arab polymath of the 10th/11th cenutry CE—, the quotation from his book Doubts Concerning Ptolemy (Al-Shukūk ‛alā Baṭlamyūs). I don’t know how accurate the translation is, but I thought that it would still be nice as a Translation Challenge, so I’m basing the following translation off of this English translation, since I don’t know any Arabic.
Unfortunately, there is no indication of the edition the translated passage is quoted from. According to a comment on the article by Bradley Steffens, the source of this quotation is the closing passage of his own book Ibn al-Haytham: First Scientist. Contrary to what Steffens says in the comment, however, there is a critical translation of Alhazen’s book into English by Don L. Voss, published in 1985 as a Ph. D. thesis at the University of Chicago, but it doesn’t seem to be easily available outside of UChicago. Since I don’t have access to either book, I’m quoting this from the io9 article:1
The seeker after truth is not one who studies the writings of the ancients and, following his natural disposition, puts his trust in them, but rather the one who suspects his faith in them and questions what he gathers from them, the one who submits to argument and demonstration and not the sayings of human beings whose nature is fraught with all kinds of imperfection and deficiency. Thus the duty of the man who investigates the writings of scientists, if learning the truth is his goal, is to make himself an enemy of all that he reads, and, applying his mind to the core and margins of of its content, attack it from every side. [H]e should also suspect himself as he performs his critical examination of it, so that he may avoid falling into either prejudice or leniency.
What struck me as challenging here is that this rather lengthy quotation consists of just three sentences with both a complex structure and interesting vocabulary that exceeds that of daily language, e.g. seeker after truth, the ancients, natural disposition, deficiency, investigate, … However, since I don’t like too complex sentences in Ayeri, I split the three sentences in the quote up into multiple sentences, which makes translation a bit easier. The first sentence especially also lends itself well to using anaphora and parallelism as a stylistic device. The English text also does that, but obscures it a little by using a lot of coordinated clauses in a single sentence.
Balangkalamayāng voy nyānas si le sobisayāng tahangye timbayanyena nay paronayāng suhingya yana nasyam.
Seek_truth-AGNZ-A not person-P REL PT.INAN study=3SG.M.A writing-PL[TOP] ancient-NMLZ-GEN and trust=3SG.M.A nature-LOC 3SG.M.GEN according.to
‘The truth-seeker is not a person who studies the writings of the ancient and trusts in them according to his nature.'
Adanyāng nāreng nyānas si sa birenyayāng paronān yana nay sa nikangyāng adanya si sobyāng ray.
That.one-A rather person-P REL PT doubt=3SG.M.A trust[TOP] 3SG.M.GEN and PT question=3SG.M.A that.one[TOP] REL learn=3SG.M.A 3PL.INAN.INS
‘He is rather a person who doubts his trust and questions what he learns from them.'
Adanyāng māy nyānas si ya sitang-avanyāng mandan nay pukatan, nāroy narānya keynamena-nama sinā suhingang tan deng miranyeri-hen sempāryana nay sinkayena.
That.one-A INTS person-P REL LOCT self=subject=3SG.M.A argumentation[TOP] and proof[TOP], but.not word-LOC people-GEN=mere REL-GEN<GEN> nature-A 3PL.M.GEN full kind-PL-INS=all imperfection-GEN and flaw-PL-GEN
‘He is a person who subjects himself to argumentation and proof, but not to the word of mere humans the nature of which is full of all kinds of imperfections and flaws.’
Dilayamanang kalamena bahalanas ayonena si le nivisayāng tahangye sobisayayena, ruānas yana kada, sa tavyāng kehin enyana si layayāng.
‘If finding out the truth is the goal of the man who investigates the writings of the scholars, his duty is thus for him to become the enemy of everything he reads.’
Na pakuayāng tenubanas yana terpengyam nay litoyam erar nay ang kongrya rayena-hen.
GENT apply=3SG.M.A reason-P 3SG.M.GEN center-DAT and margin-DAT content[TOP] and AT attack=3SG.M.A side-GEN=every.
‘He applies his reason to the center and the margin of the content and attacks it from every side.’
Ang mya birenyaya sitang-yās naynay ling nivisānjya yana, kadāre ang mya manangya tavyam kimbisanas adunena soyang tatamanena.
AT be.supposed.to doubt=3SG[TOP] self=3SG.M.P as.well during investigation-PL-LOC 3SG.M.GEN, so.that AT may avoid=3SG[TOP] become-PTCP prey-P prejudice-GEN or leniency-GEN.
‘He is to doubt himself as well during his investigations so that he may avoid becoming the prey of prejudice or leniency.’
The whole text:
Balangkalamayāng voy nyānas si le sobisayāng tahangye timbayanyena nay paronayāng suhingya yana nasyam.
Adanyāng nāreng nyānas si sa birenyayāng paronān yana nay sa nikangyāng adanya si sobyāng ray.
Adanyāng māy nyānas si ya sitang-avanyāng mandan nay pukatan, nāroy narānya keynamena-nama sinā suhingang tan deng miranyeri-hen sempāryana nay sinkayena.
Dilayamanang kalamena bahalanas ayonena si le nivisayāng tahangye sobisayayena, ruānas yana kada, sa tavyāng kehin enyana si layayāng.
Na pakuayāng tenubanas yana terpengyam nay litoyam erar nay ang kongrya rayena-hen.
Ang mya birenyaya sitang-yās naynay ling nivisānjya yana, kadāre ang mya manangya tavyam kimbisanas adunena soyang tatamanena.
